India and Pakistan partitioned in 1947. With that partition Kashmir was also partitioned with a major of two-thirds going to India and a third going to Pakistan. The basis for Kashmir India Conflict were laid when the ruler of princely state of Kashmir, Maharaja Hari Singh, was also given the right to decide to merge with India or Pakistan or to remain independent within certain boundaries. Although the ruler of Kashmir was a Hindu the population was of Muslims. On partition, Pakistan expected Jammu and Kashmir to be annexed to it because of majority of Muslim population.
Kashmir India Conflict rise to heights when in October 1947, some Muslim activist from western Kashmir and tribals from Dir entered Kashmir. They have the intention to free it from the cruel Dogra rule and rulers. Maharaja Hari Singh was not able to withstand the invasion and he decided to sign the instrument of Accession to India on 25 October, 1927. After annexation of Kashmir to India, some Pakistani tribesman and Muslim revolutionaries from western Kashmir invade the Baramulla sector of Kashmir. Maharaja was helpless and he asked India to interrupt into the matter. However, the two nations, India and Pakistan, have decided that they will not intervene into each other matters through agreement of non-intervention. Maharaja desperately needed assistance from India when some Pakistani tribesmen reached Srinagar. As Maharaja has not officially handed over the state of Kashmir to India, Indian authorities could not send military assistance to him. India insisted that military assistance could only be provided if Maharaja completes the ceding of Kashmir to India. Immediately, an agreement was signed between Lord Mount Batten and Maharaja and military assistance was provided by India.
Due to Muslim majority, Pakistan demanded that the region of Kashmir should belong to them. In lieu of Kashmir India Conflict, the first Kashmir was fought between India and Pakistan in 1948 until India moved the issue to United Nations. Immediately, a resolution was passed by United Nations to call a ceasefire on Pakistan to withdraw all its military forces from Kashmir. The resolution further also stated that Pakistan has no right to hold military in Kashmir but India can retain a minimum military presence in Kashmir and the final disposition of the State Of Jammu and Kashmir will be decide through a fair and impartial plebiscite under the authority of United Nations. Although the Indian and Pakistani governments agreed to hold the plebiscite but Pakistan did not withdraw its troops from Kashmir. India further makes the conditions more violent by distancing itself from the decision of plebiscite.
To solve the Kashmir India Conflict, over several years United Nations passed four new resolutions revising the plea for holding the plebiscite including the withdrawal of Pakistani and Indian soldiers from Kashmir. Further, UN arbitrators have forwarded 11 different propositions to remove both Pakistani and Indian troops from the region. Pakistan accepted all but India rejected them. After all these efforts of UN, still the future of Kashmiri people and the alluring land of Kashmir is to be decided!
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