The Battle of Karbala took place on 10 Muharam i.e. (10 Oct, 680) in Karbala. First group was a small group of relatives and companions of Mohammad’s (SAWW) grandson Hazrat Husain (R.A). Second group was yazid’s group of large military force and Umayyad Caliph. 10 day period is held every year in muharram by sunni and shia, and called Ashura.
If we see the political background of battle of Karbala, we can see it is started from the assassination of Hazrat Usman (R.A) and rebels occupied city of Madina. Then Hazrat Ali ibn Abu Talib was elected as the fourth Caliph.
Mawiya 1 died on Rajab 22, 60 AH (680 CE). In violation of Islamic tradition and his own written agreement with Hazrat Hassan (R.A) Muawiya 1 appointed his son yazid as his successor. Husain departed Madina on Rajab 28, 60 AH (680 CE), two days after Walid’s attempt to force him to submit to Yazid I’s rule. He stayed in Mecca from the beginnings of the Sha’ban and all of Ramadan, Shawl, as well as Dhu al- Qidah .
It is mainly during his stay in Mecca that he received many letters from Kufa assuring him their support and asking him to come over there and guide them. He answered their calls and sent Muslim ibn Aqeel, his cousin, to Kufa as his representative in an attempt to consider the exact situation and public opinion.
Husain and his followers are two days away from Kufa and yazid intercepted them with his 1000 men army. Army led by hurr ibn riahy. On 10 muharma we also called it Ashura, Husain completed his morning prayers. On the other hand Husain companions were 32 horsemen and 40 infantrymen. Husain rode his horse Zuljinah.
Imam Husain fought with the army till when a person from yazid’s army hit him with arrow and hit his sword on imam Husain head. Then shimr ibn dhilijawshan dismounted his horse and cut Hazrat Husain’s throat with his sword.
Umar ibn saad sent His head to ibn ziyad and ordered him to send to Kufa. Ibn saad remained in Karbala till the next noon. People from Banu Asad tribe buried Husain and his companion’s dead bodies. Zaynab bint Ali addressed the people of Kufa:
“The praise is exclusively attributed to Allah. And greetings to my father (grand father), Muhammad, and to his pure and benevolent family. And then, Oh people of Kufa! Oh deceitful and reneger people! Do you weep? So let tears not be dried and let groans not be finished. … Beware, such a bad preparation you have made for yourself that Allah became furious of you and you will be at punishment forever. Do you weep and cry? Yes, by Allah, do weep numerously and do laugh less! Since you brought its shame and fault on yourself and you will not be able to cleanse it forever.”
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