14th of August, 2013 was a terror day for Egypt. Egypt has declared a month long emergency after 421 people were killed as there was a sheer fight between the security forces and Muslim Brotherhood protest camps in all governorates.

Thousands of supporters for President Mohammed Morsi have stayed in camps for 47 days causing damages and harming the neighborhood where their camps were built which led the people ask the army to evacuate those pro Morsi camps. 14th of August was the chosen day; neither the police nor the army arrested any of the peaceful civilians protesting in those camps.

According to the ministry of health, exactly 421 were killed. However, the Muslim Brotherhood says that the count of causalities is more than 2,000.

The US has appealed for calm and condemned the emergency law. The country is in emergency, and there is curfew being setup in 14 governorates where violence took place from the angry Muslims Brotherhood members after evacuating their camps and leaving them free on the streets. The curfew can last up till a month.

The President said the action was taken as there was a threat to the society, locals and the private buildings. However, Vice President Mohammed ElBaradei has put down his papers in the wake of the violence. His statements were:

“I cannot support the decision of the government bodies and share the responsibility for killings”

The Bloodshed:

On Wednesday, early morning, there was smoke all around the area as the operation began and security forces fired tear gas helped by helicopters circling above. The protesters responded by throwing stones and burning tires. At the end of the evacuation, the Muslim Brotherhood members set Rabaa al-Adawiya mosque on fire!

The major clash raged for almost a day nearby Cairo’s Rabaa al-Adawiya mosque. The reports from Egyptian media are that the security forces have taken full control of the situation and is now allowing the surviving protesters to leave. However, the destiny of many Muslim brotherhood leaders is still unknown. Nobody knows is they are in custody or simply escaped, including Mohamed El-Beltagy and Essam El-Erian. Unfortunately, Mohamed El-Beltagy 17-year daughter was killed.

It is still unannounced whether most of the people who were killed were supporters of Mr. Morsi; however, It was announced that about 55 officers from the security forces were killed.

Supporters of Mr. Morsi have been on protest since he was thrown out on 3rd July, many of them are members of Mr. Morsi’s Muslim brotherhood movement who want him to be back in power.

The Voices:

There are many voices from the international community. US Secretary of State John Kerry said that the event were “shocking” and “a blow to reconciliation efforts”. He further added that the turbulence “ran counter to Egyptians’ aspirations to democracy and peace”.

More of his strong statements were:

“Violence will only tear the economy into pieces and is no solution”. It is certainly not a roadmap for the Egyptian future.

A statement on behalf of EU foreign policy chief Catherine Ashton stated “We believe that the violence is not the solution, and we appeal to Egyptian authorities to think and find a better way out”

Other voices were from Turkey and the UK. Turkish PM reacted immediately and has called for UN and Arab League to have a discussion on the same urgently.

UK Foreign Secretary William Hague has also shown his deep sorrow for the unfortunate incident.

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Egyptian society is currently in a transition phase. There is a series of disputes over many issues within the country as the opposition is trying to press the Government. There are issues concerning the balance of power, and other issues include economy, inflation, unemployment and the newly introduced laws like blasphemy law. On January 25, 2011, Egyptians went on the roads asking for a change in their dictatorial, inactive and in an increasingly non-transparent government. Eighteen days later of disputes, a ruthless crackdown on demonstrators and a shutdown of the Internet, President Mubarak ventures down.

Mubarak had based administration on savagery, discretionary confinement of activists, and restriction. He and his supporters organized audaciously fixed parliamentary decisions in November 2010 and have mercilessly crushed its people. Mubarak and his administration depended on U.S. help to deny the Egyptian individuals essential rights and opportunities. This can’t keep throughout the move to elections. The U.S. authority should stand with the Egyptian individuals, and not simply the tyrant.

Egypt faces tremendous monetary and political problems today. The present scenario in Egypt is challenging. Dissents and savage clashes have occurred in Cairo and other major urban communities. The nation is partitioned. More than at any time in the past, Europe as a neighbor and a friend needs to captivate and back Egypt’s popularity based move. An arrangement with the IMF must be secured and finished. The IMF course of action will permit Europe to release 500 million dollars as support.

A compelling intersection of crises is overwhelming Egypt as summer temperatures achieve penalizing statures, fraying tempers and annoyance within many people against the political leadership.

Social and economic discomforts are spreading simply before Ramadan, the year’s costliest season for Muslims who fast by day and celebrate around evening time. Adding to pressures, the administration has neglected to improve the situation of power decreases and the problem of gas shortage that has left gas lines stopping up major avenues for a considerable length of time.

Underpinning the discontent is a profound feeling of premonition that mass dissents got ready for this weekend to call for Mr. Morsi’s ouster could set off new road savagery or push the nation deeper into political shakiness.

Supporting the dissatisfaction is a deep sense of threatening that mass protests call for Mr. Morsi’s removal which could set off new street violence or drive the country deeper into political unrest.

Oppositions and counter protests started on Friday and achieved its peak on Sunday, the tribute of Mr. Morsi’s initiation as the nation’s first openly chosen president; however, the restriction says it will stay in the avenues until Mr. Morsi steps down. Few days earlier a person was killed in the city of Mansura in a strike on a Muslim Brotherhood walk.

President Mohamed Morsi moved heavy-handedly to protect demand and defy his adversaries, sending the armed force close to the government offices and the Suez Canal, beginning lawful actions against numerous judges and cleansing reviewers from a state body that aides manage the wireless transmissions.

While numerous had trusted that Mr. Morsi might move to defuse calls for mass challenges against him this weekend, he rather wielded the force of the state to undertaking power. His message to those challenging his power was to either work through the political structures that have developed since the nation’s transformation in 2011, or have no say in how the state is run.

The Egyptian military cautioned that it was ready to act with full power to forestall uproar due to the expectation that mass dissents against President Mohamed Morsi anticipated one week from now could light new violence between his Islamist supporters and the resistance. However, General Abdul-Fattah el-Sisi, the general commander of the military has not taken any side and decided to stay neutral.

Massive groups of Islamist demonstrators pressed a Cairo square and a few encompassing avenues in a show of backing for President Mohamed Morsi as he reaches the remembrance of his induction as Egypt’s first openly elected president. Numerous Egyptians are unhappy with Mr. Morsi over his running of the nation and the state of the economy, and his rivals are calling for mass gatherings against him on the celebration, June 30, that they trust will drive him from the force.

Egypt’s prosecutors have been overflowed with profanation objections since 2011 as Islamists practicing their new social order have pushed for indictments, and courts have passed on steep fines and jail terms for offending religion.

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It has been revealed that despite nearing bankruptcy, the Egyptian government last month spent £1.7 million GB Pounds on 140,000 U.S. sourced tear-gas canisters; amid a wave of police brutality that 21 human rights groups this week labelled a return to Mubarak-era state repression.

The emergency order was made at the end of January by Egypt’s interior ministry, according to records retrieved by Egyptian newspaper al-Masry al-Youm. It came at the start of a week of civil unrest sparked by protests against President Morsi, his Muslim Brotherhood party, and severe police malpractice.

At a time when Egypt’s foreign reserves have halved since 2011, with the government now unable to pay for fuel subsidies and much feet dragging about a much delayed $4.8 billion IMF loan, opposition activists in Egypt are questioning whether this is the best use for the money.

The opposition also see it as another example of the government’s unwillingness to rein in the police force, whose brutality was a major cause of the 2011 revolution that toppled Hosni Mubarak, and whose behaviour has come under renewed scrutiny this year.

Hussein Abdel Ghany, a spokesman for the National Salvation Front, a disparate collection of non-Islamist opposition parties told the media “It’s the same tactics the Mubarak regime used – spending taxpayers’ money to kill the sons of taxpayers and at the same time they’re cutting gas subsidies and raising taxes on cigarettes, which the only way some people get any joy.”

Tear-gas has been repeatedly used during protests this year, at times so much has been used that it has made parts of Cairo unsafe to travel through. At one point in January, Tahrir Doctors – a group of volunteer medics who treat protesters hurt in clashes – warned that teargas in Tahrir Square had reached dangerous levels.

But the teargas is just one part of a wave of violence that led 21 Egyptian rights groups to claim on Thursday that police brutality is as serious – or in some cases worse – than it was the dictatorship of Mubarak.  Since the start of the current unrest, sparked by the two-year anniversary of Mubarak’s toppling on 25 January, activists say at least 70 protesters have been tortured, with hundreds more detained without trial. In some cases, protesters have been murdered and raped.

The number of male activists raped in custody is higher than it has been for at least a decade according to the director of the Egyptian Initiative for Personal Rights, Hossam Bahgat..

Mohamed el-Guindy, a left-wing activist, was abducted for four days before being found at a hospital in a coma. Authorities claimed he had died in a car crash, but rights activists said they found torture marks on his tongue, as well as signs of strangulation and electrocution. Lawyers said he was abducted by police after a protest in late January before being held in a police camp outside Cairo. “You couldn’t recognise his face from a photograph, it was so swollen,” said Islam Khalifa, a human rights lawyer investigating Guindy’s death, who had visited him in hospital before he died.

Despicably, hundreds of children are also being targeted. At least 200 have been arrested, and many beaten, according to Amr Imam, a lawyer at the Hisham Mubarak Law Centre. “The government thinks these children hold the torch of the revolution,”.  The government views many of them as potential revolutionaries that must be destroyed.   In one particularly abhorrent report,  a 13-year-old cancer patient from Alexandria, Mahmoud Adel, was detained in an adult penal facility for more than a week without access to his cancer treatment.

Allies of Morsi argue that it is unreasonable to blame the president for police malpractice, arguing that it will take 15 years to reform institutions so powerful and self-serving as the interior ministry and the police. ”If it took them 60 years to build a system that corrupt, imagine how long it will take to reform it,” said the Muslim Brotherhood’s Gehad al-Haddad last month.

But Heba Morayef, head of the Egypt branch of Human Rights Watch, said Morsi has shown little inclination for police reform so far. “It’s not just that he hasn’t delivered on any changes, it’s that he hasn’t publicly acknowledged that there is a serious problem of police abuse,” Morayef has said.

About the author

Stephen Liddell has both a Masters and BA Hons degree in African and Asian Politics specialising in the Middle-East and Islam. Stephen has backpacked throughout North Africa and much of the Middle-East living with locals and Bedouin along the way having amongst other locations, crossed the Sahara twice and sank on the Nile twice.
A published novelist through his first book 'Let Me Help', a true to life historical fiction epic set in the Middle East and Central Asia and keen blogger at http://stephenliddell.wordpress.com His major remaining travel wish is to travel the silk road, spend time on the Mongolian Steppe and have a cup of tea in a shop on the Si-o-Seh bridge in Isfahan, Iran.

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Prominent Islamic cleric Dr Yousuf Al Qaradawi has urged Egyptian Christians to remain united and help build a new Egypt.

Delivering the Friday sermon at Al Azhar University Mosque in Cairo yesterday, he called on all Egyptians, Muslims and non-Muslims, rival political factions, the ruling elite as well as the opposition, to unite in the interest of their nation and to realise the goals of the January 25 revolution.

Al Qaradawi, who heads the International Islamic Scholars' Association, said: "Our religion orders us to remain united and discourage disunity."

His call for unity comes in the wake of President Mohammed Mursi facing challenges over the constitutional referendum.

The cleric said opinions can differ and this would enrich the nation, but to break national unity was not acceptable.

"The January 25 revolution has taught us to sacrifice for each other and we are all Egyptian and we are not angels. All of us, including the government and Muslim Brotherhood and the opposition, can commit mistakes, but we should not continue making mistakes," said the cleric.

"I have met many liberals and secularists and they are not infidels. They all believe in God. We need to cooperate with them," said Qaradawi.

The Peninsula, 29 December 2012

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During the last two years we have seen that the nations of Egypt and Tunis are having almost the same destiny. Events take place in Tunis always happen again in Egypt with slight changes and this was seen recently in the domination of Islamic parties on the political scene in Tunis and the same thing happened in Egypt, noting that both nations are now living slight revolutions against Islamists.

 Tunis started its revolution on December 18 2010 when a young man called Bou Azizi burned himself because he couldn’t find work or any way to live through, so he decided to protest against the economic and political conditions in his country by burning himself in front of the Parliament. This was followed by protests of thousands in the following days, and then millions went to the streets, which forced the Police to try to stop them, and the result was thousands of victims.

 Things in Tunis continued to get complicated and the speeches of President Ben Ali failed to calm the people down, but it caused more anger in the streets. In the end the power of the people forced Ben Ali to escape to Saudi Arabia and he never appeared again.

 After Ben Ali escaped, the road was open for Islamists to enter the political life and they were well organized. Islamists benefited from the people’s passion towards their religion, besides giving the people fake promises that was never seen on the ground. Al Nahda party was established in Tunis to invade the political life and control everything, and now the people of Tunis realized that they were deceived with fake faces, fake promises and fake agenda. We can see now that Al Nahda party’s offices in Tunis are being attacked by the people everywhere, along with chasing the leaders of the party wherever they go.

 The same scenario happened in Egypt. The revolution that started in January 25 2011 to ask for improvements in the economic conditions, and then the Police killed young men in the streets, which encouraged millions of Egyptians to go out and force President Hosni Mubarak’s regime to step down. The Supreme Council of the Armed Forces ruled the country after Mubarak and it allowed the Muslim Brotherhood to enter the political life.

 The brotherhood established the Freedom and Justice Party and it started to prepare for the Parliament elections. Everyone knows that the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt is well organized and it has sources of money coming from Qatar, Saudi Arabia and other places, so they were able to control the first Parliament after the revolution. The performance of the new parliament didn’t satisfy Egyptians and conditions were getting worse. The brotherhood lied and said it won’t compete in the Presidential elections; however, it nominated two for the race. Khayrat Al Shater and Mohamed Morsi, but Kahyrat Al Shater was disqualified, and Mohamed Morsi completed the race and he won to become the President of Egypt.

 Two months after he won the presidential elections, the people of Egypt started calling for demonstrations against Morsi’s regime, and this is increasing everyday, especially after more people were killed, while Morsi is ignoring this and he insisted to impose the new constitution wrote by Islamists. The economic situation in Egypt is the worse since 30 years and the people are facing very tough social conditions, which is forcing thousands to go out in the streets since November 2012 demanding the regime to step down. The people insist on this demand, especially after Morsi’s Muslim Brotherhood killed tens of young men protesting against the president in front of the presidential palace, while the president himself ignored what happened.

 It seems that both Tunis and Egypt will have the same revolution against Islamists soon, but this time Egypt will have the start, knowing that millions of Egyptians are preparing to go to the streets and in Tahrir square on January 25 2013, to force Mohamed Morsi to step down. If Egyptians made it, then we can see the people of Tunis in the streets forcing Islamists to run away like Ben Ali.

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About the situation in Egypt from the beginning of the revolution till now
I can classify the situation to four factions controlling and influential in the scene in Egypt the revolution.

The first faction and in my opinion it’s the most influential faction in the situation it’s the faction who is seeking on the application of Islamic law and this faction sees that it’s normal because his culture and history and this faction sees that it’s the only way to get rid of the corruption and injustice of the other systems like the socialist system and the capitalism and the current elected president came from this faction after the presidential election in 2012.

The second faction it’s called (felol) after the success of the revolution in overthrow the Mubarak system and although it’s the faction that the revolution blew because of it, this faction still has the ability to influence in the scene in Egypt through his previous power in the media and all the establishments especially when this faction could compete in the presidential election after the fragmentation of the revolution factions.

The third faction is one from the revolution factions and this faction refuse the concept of the application of Islamic law but this faction can’t get the enough admission between the people in the streets because of the far distance between them and the people in the streets and the big difference between the views of the leaders of this faction.

The fourth faction who is watching the situation and couldn’t make an opinion or a view about what is happening and it’s a very big segment in the Egyptian people and all of the other factions try to get attention of this segment to gain it’s support in all the legitimacy events as the presidential and parliamentary elections…etc.

Finally the scene of distrust and fighting for the power is the most obvious scene in Egypt these days because of the lack of the serious patriotic conversation between all the factions and the Egyptian citizen still confused and suffering.

                                   Magdy Yahya

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Egypt is the largest Islamic state that is located in North Africa. Muslims are dominant in Egypt, which is best centre for trading and business. Here, I will briefly describe many concepts and details about the Muslim Brotherhood society and movement.  Muslim Brotherhood is the largest movement that has been running since 1928.  That movement is also known as Muslim Brothers’ society which is the most popular and influential Arab countries’ Islamic movement.  That movement or society is the largest society that focuses on abiding to all of the rules and strategies that are described by Islam.  That famous organization’s main objective or mission is to maintain and develop Islamic society by promoting all Islamic laws, moral values etc.

The Muslim Brotherhood organization is still working and provides better solutions to maintain our society by attempting to end all evils and bad deeds.  Members of the movement teach about Jihad and have a slogan that Islam is the only solution for all. The movement was founded in 1928, and is still running in advanced ways.  Hassan Banna was the first leader and founder of the Brotherhood organization. There were a total of six members who ran the set-up that has now become a huge platform for all.   The organization has developed its reputation since the beginning and has become popular because of its achievements.  The second leader of the organization was Hudaybi and the second generation continued from 1949 to 1972 where more development occurred in that reign.  The third generation of the movement continued from 1972 to 1986 under the supervision of Badiea.

The Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt was established in effective ways. The organization’s main aim is to maintain society according to Islamic teachings. The  motto of the movement is to believe all of the rules and teachings that are described by ALLAH Almighty and the Holy Prophet Hazrat Muhammad (peace be upon Him).  The organization also focuses on the affairs and matters of society in effective ways.  Members of this reputed organization try to create policies that are beneficial for the betterment of Muslims countries.   They also ensure the practical implementations of human rights for all people at all times.  Due to funding and support, thousands of members are now working in this movement and the society is advancing in effective waves.

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Jawad Ahmad

Passionate about writing, Muslim academy is perfect platform to get knowledge and Experience. Looking Forward for your feedback on my work.

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The Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt is an Islamic religious, social and political movement founded by Hassan al-Banna in March 1928. The movement spread through other Muslim countries, but the largest organization is in Egypt. After the 2011 revolution, this group was legalized; it is one of the best and the largest political force of Egypt. The motto of this movement is that Allah is objective, the Holy Quran is constituted, Prophet Muhammad is the leader, Jihad is the way and sacrificing lives in the way of Allah is the highest of aspirations. The Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt launched a civic political party called the “freedom and justice” party in April 2011. This party was to contest elections; the party intended to honor all Egypt’s international agreements and affair.

On June 24th, Muhammad Morsi of the Muslim brotherhood won the presidential elections. At the beginning, the Muslim brotherhood focused on charity work and providing education, later it grew as a political force. It played a prominent role in defeating the British who had dominated Egypt for a long time. In 1948 this movement was banned and several supporters and members of the Muslim brotherhood were arrested. When Hosni Mubarak was elected as president, he released all the arrested members of the Muslim brotherhood. In the parliamentary elections of 2000, the Muslim brotherhood won 17 seats; in 2005 it won 88 seats and was one of the largest opposition political parties.

In early 2011, the revolution legalized brotherhood and it emerged as the most powerful group in Egypt. The Muslim brotherhood holds protests and rallies in a very peaceful manner, without creating any chaos or even clashes. The Muslim brotherhood in Egypt has played a very important role in social services. They operate over 21 hospitals throughout the country. The hospitals are equipped with the best medical equipment and latest technology followed by the best doctors and nurse staff. The Muslim brotherhood has introduced in which they are helping widows and orphans. They have provided shelter to widows and orphans and are working hard in supporting them. They operate job training programs, and have schools. The schools offer free education for those children who are poor and their parents cannot afford education charges.

There are about 5000 registered NGOs working in Egypt from which 1000 belong to the Muslim brotherhood. They have free clinics in which people are getting treated free of charges with the best medical staff. In 1992, an earthquake struck Cairo. More than 60,000 people were homeless. Apart from Egypt’s government, the Muslim brotherhood was the most effective movement working quickly to providing people with food, clothes, water and shelter. They set up tents so that people can stay inside. They provided blankets and helped in the rescue operation. The Muslims brotherhood had been criticized as being the movement of terrorists; many people have compared it to being Al-Qaeda which is not true at all. The Muslim brotherhood is actively working in Egypt, and they are trying their best to achieve their goals in the country.

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Egypt is persevering through what may be the most grave crisis accompanying the expulsion of the Mubarak regime. At its heart is the decision by its Muslim Brotherhood-straightened president, Mohammed Morsi, to issue an advertisement that sheltered his developments from lawful investigation. This gave him more power than his precursor had. The president proclaims this is a short lived measure, until a different constitution is authorized and a decision is made.

In the meantime, the constitution drafting was hurt by walkouts by liberals and operators of the Coptic Christian minority from the Islamist-controlled Constituent Assembly. This displays troubling concerns signaling the rise of an Egyptian rebellion.

The revolutionaries of 2011, not the ones that the westerners saw on their TV screens, all appeared to have been taught at the American University of Cairo. So it was extremely amazing to outsiders that the Egyptian people, one in four of whom are unskilled, voted massively in favor of the Muslim Brotherhood-straightened representatives in parliament. In political shorthand, the caution is that the Arab Spring is changing into an “Islamist winter”.

In September, western suspicion was dazed by the jihadist strike on the U.S. section in Benghazi, Libya, in which the American representative, Chris Stevens, was killed. Several days later, a trap on the U.S. legislative office in Tunis almost had the same outcome.

The system for creating constitutions in both Egypt and Tunisia have aroused a vitriolic approachable talk, where wild rumors and suspicious plans block acquiescence. Then, budgetary conditions, which are what most people care for, fragment.

It should be made clear that issues with constitutions are not rare at Islamist get-togethers.

In 1918, the Russian Constituent Assembly was broken down by Lenin’s Bolsheviks after a single day’s reasonable talk, opening the course for more than 70 years of one assembly running the show. In Egypt, the Free Officers’ oust of 1952, which cleared the wave for Gamal Abdel Nasser to come to power in 1956, energetically discarded any trust of the administration by deciding on socialist despotism. In Tunisia, the self-ruled go-to individual, Habib Bourguiba, a radical secularist who got a kick out of any opportunity to be shown on TV, began as head director of a parliamentary vote based framework. Soon he redesigned the constitution and ended up being president. He then came to be as oppressive as any other Arab strongman.

After the Algerian races in 1991, when the impression was created that the Islamists were heading to triumph, the view of the U.S. rose that any election which drew drive from Islam meant, “one vote, one time”. This meant that the U.S. assumed an Islamic ruler would adhere to power and never leave.

Tunisia’s experience is useful. The moderate Islamist assembly, Ennahda, is part of an enacting coalition with two mainstream social events. In March, the Ennahda jefe, Rachid Ghannouchi, agreed to overlook any reference to Sharia from the constitution, prompting a force from the Salafists, the all-time regarded Islamists, which advanced and, beyond any doubt, finalized the strike on the U.S. department.

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Egypt has been facing many political problems over the last few years. The conflicts and violence began when there were protests against the government of Hosni Mubarak due to injustice and harassment. After him, the army council took command and they did not have the intention to rule for a long period, and preferred the civilian government. Then elections were held, but the lower parliament declared that they were illegal. The army council dissolved the lower parliament in which most of the people were Muslims and they favored Mohammad Morsi as their new president. There were also many controversies over the selection of Morsi: Many people, especially the secular and liberal-minded, were against him.

This political conflict generated a few clashes and there were protests against him. In a clash between the supporters and protesters, about 66 people were injured and one was killed. The people protesting against him thought that the president’s policies were the same as those of Hosni Mubarak, their ex-president. The supporters of the president began to protest against the high court and also blocked the judges from entering the building by surrounding it. This step prevented the judges from drawing up the nation’s constitution and dissolved the shore council – the upper house of parliament. The judges decided not to work unless this physical and psychological pressure stopped. They also declared that day to be “a dismal, black day” in the history of the judiciary.

A day before violence erupted, the president announced that the referendum for the constitution would be held. This led the people to the streets, both for and against him. The believers in human rights are against the referendum system as it is the only inconsistent, ambiguous, and flawed plan for voting. But this announcement of holding the constitutional referendum brought a positive change in the Egyptian stock exchange market. There was a rise of about 2.5% in only 15 minutes, earning 8.2 million dollars (5 billion pounds). The president had discussed drafting a system for civil, gender, and religious rights, and a justice system. The United Nations also advised reconsidering the draft according to international human rights. Now, the whole nation of Egypt is protesting against the new president and they want him to leave the country. The protests are becoming stronger day by day. The army has taken steps to stop these protests and thousands of people have been killed as a result. The new president of Egypt is not ready to accept the demands of the opposition.  Therefore, this condition may become more serious in Egypt.

Who is responsible for this conflict and dispute in Egypt? The policies of the new president are responsible for this. The people of Egypt want to see a change in the policies. They want to eliminate the policies of Hosni Mubarak, their ex-president.

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Mohamed Morsi has been named the first ever civil elected president that came as a result of fair elections. After such a long wait, we finally have a president that was elected by the people. Whether you disagree or agree with him (I strongly disagree) but he has won the elections fair with a 51.5% while Ahmed Shakif scored 48.5%

So this is a great win for the Muslim Brotherhood as they have finally reached the big chair, the presidential chair. I am considered in the line of the opposition, but none the less, I will not attack Mohamed Morsi just for the sake of it. I will only attack him resulting from his performance. He asked for 100 days to achieve great things and I have agreed to give him that period to see what he has to offer. I disagree strongly with the whole ideology of the Muslim Brotherhood, but it is what the people choose so we will have to wait and see what this choice would do.

Judging from what has happened so far, things are looking up. Not that I am totally happy with Mohamed Morsi now but as I said, I will not prejudge and I will judge according to actions. OF course he might be just softening the people at the beginning before his true plans come in play, but I can’t see the future so ill judge him one step at a time. Who knows, maybe all my fears and accusations towards him are false, I will be the first one to be glad about it and apologize.

First of all, he has stated the prohibition of any pictures of him to be put in government hall or offices as he is an employer like any other. Which is a great point because this is how dictators are made, by people who worship them and think of them as the owners of the country. Mohamed Morsi 1-0 My fears. Then he has announced that he will repeat the Mubarak trial because he sees that the results have been manipulated with and are not fair. Despite the fact that I don’t know if a president can actually make such thing, because as much as I understand, courts are independent form the authority of the president and the govt. It can still be considered as a sign of good well on his behalf.

This doesn’t mean I am a supporter of Morsi, he still has a long way for that I’m just stating what he has done so far. He has a lot to cover and a lot to prove. He has to prove he will do what he said he will and he also has to prove that the Muslim Brotherhood is not controlling Egypt because they are not the president, but he is. So keep up with my blog posts as I will keep watching him closely to monitor his performance.

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In this Episode, Chris speaks with Hamza, a physician who has been witness to at least four revolutions throughout Arab Spring.  He shares his thoughts on the beginnings of Arab Spring, and in particular Egypt’s revolution, on the date Egypt’s first president was announced.

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In this Episode, Chris speaks with Hamza, a physician who has been witness to at least four revolutions throughout Arab Spring. He shares his thoughts on the beginnings of Arab Spring, and in particular Egypt’s revolution, on the date Egypt’s first president was announced.

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In the last post I discussed the first two reactions and points of view regarding the breaking news of the dissolving of the parliament, so here I will discuss the last point of a view and a quick analysis of what happened.

The third point is the fact that this is the last nail in the coffin of the revolution, it is so clear now, and this is my pinion only, but the SCAF has successfully killed the revolution, and it is also clear that after this, that Ahmed Shafek is going to become the president, so I refuse this political manipulation, especially after the people who got injured, lost their eyes and the martyrs who died.

Come to think of it, after a year and a half from the revolution. We have no constitution, the only elected power was eliminated, so no one in power at the moment was elected by the people and the trial was a game and most of the people including the sons of the president and the helpers of the minister of interior got their innocence, only one last step is left, which is the upcoming step which is having Ahmed Shafek as president.

The reason behind all of this is that when SCAF took control, he searched for the most powerful political party at that time, the Muslim brotherhood, they made a deal with them to give them the parliament in order to turn a blind eye on what is happening in El Tahrir and to the protestors, this way, they got the loyalty of the Muslim brotherhood and they made the people hate them. Then when it is time and they don’t need them anymore, they dissolved parliament with having a lot of people hating them for their performance in the parliament, I am one of these people. I have to tip my hat off to SCAF for planning that far ahead.

The solution for this and I’m sad to say this, is a revolution because I don’t want my kids while answering their history exam to be questioned, specify the reason behind the failure of the revolution of the 25th of January. Tahrir did it once and it shall do it again my only hope that people unite and pay attention to the dirty game being played and stand against it as we once did. And history repeats itself, because this is the exact thing that happened to the revolution of Romania, the same scenario. But I hope we do bring ourselves a different ending.

On another note, today was the first of two days of the second round of the elections, I already voted this morning, so be ready to hear from me as the primarily results starts to come in.

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Of course, as we all know, 1/3 of the parliament was dissolved and resulting for it the whole parliament was dissolved because it was judged to be unconstitutional by the Supreme Court. The reason behind such ruling has been discussed in the previous blog. This is considered a huge loss for the Muslim brotherhood and the Islamic parties because they had a majority in the parliament. First of all, I am having mixed feelings about it; I don’t know should I be glad or sad.

I will discuss this situation form 3 points of view so I can try to figure out how I should feel about this.

So the first point is my opinion or reaction that I should be happy, because no one was glad with the performance of the parliament and the laws they discussed and their reaction to what the SCAF was doing to the protestors and especially their reaction against the massacre of Port Said. And of course who can forget them thanking the SCAF and saying that people should not protest anymore and that the Army and the SCAF is a higher power that shouldn’t be protested against. So, I should be glad that we got rid of them, but if we turn a blind eye to what the SCAF is doing, knowing that what he is doing is unfair and fraud because we like the result is a concept that I refuse. Because this is exactly what the Muslim brotherhood did, as when the SCAF thrown them a bone of parliament, they turned a blind eye on everything and left the protestors getting killed and injured by the SCAF and they didn’t act, all of this in order to secure their chairs at parliament, and look what good did that make them, now the chairs that they so desperately needed and pursued are no more. So the concept of turning a blind eye on unfairness because it serves me good is totally unacceptable. Because sooner or later it will come back to haunt you, look what they did, and how it ended up for them.

The second point is being a Christian Egyptian, and I can’t help but to feel glad that the Islamic parties don’t have the parliament and the majority and that they will no longer be the ones responsible of writing the constitution. And no one can blame me for saying that, because we all have seen what their ideology is and their performance in the parliament.

That’s it for this post; follow my next post for the third point and my analysis of what has happened.

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Ethnic Make-up: Eastern Hamitic stock (Egyptians, Bedouins, and Berbers) 99%

Religions: Muslim (mostly Sunni) 94%, Coptic Christian and other 6% republic government

Language in Egypt

For almost 13 centuries Arabic has been the written and spoken language of Egypt. Before the Arab invasion and appearance of Islam In Egypt in AD 639, Coptic, the language descended from ancient Egyptian, was the language of both religious and everyday life for the mass of the population; by the 12th century, however, it had been totally replaced by Arabic, continuing only as a liturgical language for the Coptic Orthodox Church. Arabic has become the language of both the Egyptian Christian and Muslim with. The written form of the Arabic language, in grammar and syntax, has remained substantially unchanged since the 7th century. In other ways, however, the written language has changed the modern forms of style, word sequence, and phraseology are simpler and more flexible than in classical Arabic and are often directly derivative of English or French.

Islam In Egypt

Islam is practiced by the majority of Egyptians and governs their personal, political, economic and legal lives. Islam emanated from what is today Saudi Arabia. The Prophet Muhammad is seen as the last of God’s emissaries (following in the footsteps of Jesus, Moses, Abraham, etc) to bring revelation to mankind. He was distinguished with bringing a message for the whole of mankind, rather than just to a certain peoples. As Moses brought the Torah and Jesus the Bible, Muhammad brought the last book, the Qur’an. The Qur’an and the actions of the Prophet (the Sunnah) are used as the basis for all guidance in the religion.

Among certain obligations for Muslims are to pray five times a day – at dawn, noon, afternoon, sunset, and evening. The exact time is listed in the local newspaper each day. Friday is the Muslim holy day. Everything is closed. Many companies also close on Thursday, making the weekend Thursday and Friday.

During the holy month of Ramadan all Muslims must fast from dawn to dusk and are only permitted to work six hours per day. Fasting includes no eating, drinking, cigarette smoking, or gum chewing. Expatriates are not required to fast; however, they must not eat, drink, smoke, or chew gum in public.

Each night at sunset, families and friends gather together to celebrate the breaking of the fast (iftar). The festivities often continue well into the night. In general, things happen more slowly during Ramadan. Many businesses operate on a reduced schedule. Shops may be open and closed at unusual times.

Family Values 

. The family is the most significant unit of Egyptian society.

. Kinship plays an important role in all social relations.

. The individual is always subordinate to the family, tribe or group.

. Nepotism is viewed positively, since it is patronage of one’s family.

. The family consists of both the nuclear and the extended family.

Egyptian Honor

. Honor is an important facet of interpersonal relationships.

. Respect and esteem for people is both a right and an obligation.

. An individual’s honour is intricately entwined with the reputation and honour of everyone in their family.

. Honour requires that Egyptians demonstrate hospitality to friends and guests.

. It also dictates that people dress as well as their financial circumstances allow, and show proper respect and deference to their elders and those in authority.

. A man’s word is considered his bond and to go back on your word is to bring dishonour to your family.

Social Class

. Social class is very apparent in Egypt since it determines your access to power and position.

. The social class an Egyptian is born into dictates their everyday life and the opportunities they will have.

. There are three social classes: upper, middle, and lower.

. Status is defined more by family background than by absolute wealth.

. There is little social mobility.

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